Compostable packaging has gained increasing attention in recent years as an eco-friendly alternative to traditional plastics. As concerns about plastic pollution and environmental sustainability grow, many consumers and businesses are seeking sustainable packaging solutions. In this article, we'll explore the history, current state, and future of compostable packaging, shedding light on the materials, advancements, and global efforts to promote compostable options.
1. Then: The History of Compostable Plastics
The history of compostable plastics dates back several decades. The concept of biodegradable plastics emerged as early as the 1930s, but the modern era of compostable plastics began to take shape in the 1970s. Early pioneers in the field included researchers and companies looking for alternatives to traditional petroleum-based plastics. These early compostable materials were primarily based on starch and cellulose, which had limitations in terms of durability and water resistance.
One significant development occurred in the 1990s when scientists and manufacturers started experimenting with polylactic acid (PLA), a bioplastic made from fermented plant starch, primarily corn. PLA-based compostable plastics offered improved properties compared to their predecessors and became more widely adopted.
2. Now: Materials and Advancements
Today, compostable packaging materials have come a long way from their early iterations. Modern compostable materials are made from a variety of sources, including:
- PLA (Polylactic Acid): PLA remains a prominent choice and is derived from renewable resources like cornstarch or sugarcane. It boasts good strength and durability while being compostable in industrial composting facilities.
- PHA (Polyhydroxyalkanoates): PHA is a family of bioplastics produced by microorganisms, offering excellent biodegradability and versatility.
- PBAT (Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalate): PBAT is often used in combination with other biodegradable materials to enhance their mechanical properties and flexibility.
- Tapioca Starch: Tapioca-based materials are gaining popularity due to their renewable source and suitability for various applications.
Advancements in the field have also led to improved water resistance, which was a significant challenge for early compostable plastics. Today, many compostable films can be used for products like food packaging, shopping bags, and more, without compromising quality.
3. Future: The Case for More and Better Compostable Options
The push for more and better compostable options is essential in the ongoing battle against plastic pollution and the need for sustainable packaging. The future of compostable packaging holds significant promise for several reasons:
- Reduced Environmental Impact: Compostable materials offer a way to reduce the usage of non-renewable resources and amount of harmful chemicals associated with traditional plastics. They help decrease the accumulation of non-biodegradable plastic waste in landfills and oceans.
- Consumer Demand: Increasing awareness of environmental issues has driven consumer demand for sustainable packaging. As more consumers seek eco-friendly alternatives, businesses have incentives to invest in compostable solutions.
- Research and Development: Collaboration between academia and industry is crucial for developing new compostable materials and improving existing ones. At EcoPackables, we partner with Universities like Yale, engaged in pioneering research and development efforts to create more sustainable packaging materials. This collaboration helps drive innovation and improve the performance of compostable films.
- Composting Facility Expansion: Expanding the network of industrial composting facilities is crucial for accommodating the growing demand for compostable materials. Governments, businesses, and communities need to work together to invest in and develop the necessary infrastructure.
Home Composting vs. Industrial Composting
One important aspect to consider is the distinction between home composting and industrial composting. While all composting processes require the same fundamental elements – organic matter, moisture, oxygen, and microorganisms – home composting may not be suitable for all types of compostable materials. Some compostable films may require the controlled conditions of an industrial composting facility to break down effectively. Here at EcoPackables, our compostable polymailers are certified home compostable.
Access to composting facilities varies worldwide. While some regions have extensive networks of industrial composting facilities, others lack such infrastructure. It is important to consider the availability of composting facilities in your area when choosing compostable packaging. Additionally, proper disposal and labeling guidelines are crucial to ensure compostable materials end up in the right environment for decomposition.
In conclusion, compostable packaging has evolved significantly from its early stages, offering a more sustainable alternative to traditional plastics. The materials used today are more robust and water-resistant, making them suitable for a wide range of applications. However, the industry must continue to innovate and expand access to composting facilities to meet the growing demand for compostable packaging. As we look to the future, collaboration, research, and investment in compostable solutions will play a vital role in reducing the environmental impact of packaging materials and promoting a more sustainable future.